std::unordered_map::operator[]

 

C++

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Regular expressions library (C++11)

Atomic operations library (C++11)

Thread support library (C++11)

 

Containers library

array (C++11)

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unordered_set (C++11)

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unordered_map (C++11)

unordered_multimap (C++11)

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std::unordered_map

Member functions

unordered_map::unordered_map

unordered_map::~unordered_map

unordered_map::operator=

unordered_map::get_allocator

Iterators

unordered_map::begin unordered_map::cbegin

unordered_map::end unordered_map::cend

Capacity

unordered_map::erase

unordered_map::size

unordered_map::max_size

Modifiers

unordered_map::clear

unordered_map::insert

unordered_map::emplace

unordered_map::emplace_hint

unordered_map::erase

unordered_map::swap

Lookup

unordered_map::count

unordered_map::find

unordered_map::equal_range

Bucket interface

unordered_map::begin2

unordered_map::end2

unordered_map::bucket_count

unordered_map::max_bucket_count

unordered_map::bucket_size

unordered_map::bucket

Hash policy

unordered_map::load_factor

unordered_map::max_load_factor

unordered_map::rehash

unordered_map::reserve

Observers

unordered_map::hash_function

unordered_map::key_eq

 

T& operator[]( const Key& key );	(1)	(since C++11)
T& operator[]( Key&& key );	(2)	(since C++11)

Inserts a new element to the container using key as the key and a default constructed mapped value and returns a reference to the newly constructed mapped value. If an element with key key already exists, no insertion is performed and a reference to its mapped value is returned.

1) Essentially performs (insert(std::make_pair(key, T())).first)->second

2) Essentially performs (insert(std::make_pair(std::move(key), T())).first)->second

If an insertion occurs and results in a rehashing of the container, all iterators are invalidated. Otherwise iterators are not affected. References are not invalidated. Rehashing occurs only if the new number of elements is equal to or greater than max_load_factor()*bucket_count().

Parameters

key

-

the key of the element to find

Return value

Reference to the mapped value of the new element if no element with key key existed. Otherwise a reference to the mapped value of the existing element is returned.

Exceptions

If an exception is thrown by any operation, the insertion has no effect

Complexity

Average case: constant, worst case: linear in size.

Example

This example demonstrates how to modify existing values and insert new values using operator[]:

run this code

#include <iostream>
#include <unordered_map>
 
int main()
{
    std::unordered_map<char, int> letter_counts {{'a', 27}, {'b', 3}, {'c', 1}};
 
    std::cout << "initially:\n";
    for (const auto &pair : letter_counts) {
        std::cout << pair.first << ": " << pair.second << '\n';
    }
 
    letter_counts['b'] = 42;  // update an existing value
 
    letter_counts['x'] = 9;  // insert a new value
 
    std::cout << "after modifications:\n";
    for (const auto &pair : letter_counts) {
        std::cout << pair.first << ": " << pair.second << '\n';
    }
}

Output:

initially:
a: 27
b: 3
c: 1
after modifications:
a: 27
b: 42
c: 1
x: 9

The following example counts the occurrences of each word in a vector of strings:

run this code

#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <unordered_map>
 
int main()
{
    std::vector<std::string> words = { 
        "this", "sentence", "is", "not", "a", "sentence",
	"this", "sentence", "is", "a", "hoax" 
    };
 
    std::unordered_map<std::string, size_t>  word_map;
    for (const auto &w : words) {
        ++word_map[w];
    }
 
    for (const auto &pair : word_map) {
        std::cout << pair.second
	          << " occurrences of word '"
	          << pair.first << "'\n";
    }
}

Output:

1 occurrences of word 'hoax'
2 occurrences of word 'this'
2 occurrences of word 'a'
2 occurrences of word 'is'
1 occurrences of word 'not'
3 occurrences of word 'sentence'

See also

at	access specified element with bounds checking (public member function)